.

1a )

-Temperature or weather

– Availability of natural resources

– migration

– industries

1b.

1. Depletion of Natural Resources: The effects of overpopulation are quite severe. The first of these is the depletion of resources. The Earth can only produce a limited amount of water and food, which is falling short of the current needs.

2. Degradation of Environment: With the overuse of coal, oil and natural gas, it has started producing some serious effects on our environment. Rise in the number of vehicles and industries have badly affected the quality of air.

3. Conflicts and Wars: Overpopulation in developing countries puts a major strain on the resources it should be utilizing for development. Conflicts over water are becoming a source of tension between countries, which could result in wars.

4. Rise in Unemployment: When a country becomes overpopulated, it gives rise to unemployment as there fewer jobs to support large number of people.

5a)

i)Petroleum and natural gas – Oloibiri, Bayelsa State

ii)Coal – enugu state

iii)Bitumen – ogun state

iv)Iron ore – Itakpe, Kogi State

5b)

i)Mining leads to the degradation of soil quality, fertility and makes it toxic.

ii)Natural vegetation get adversely effected due to leached trace element.

iii)The major consequences of mining is the deforestation which results in loss of flora and fauna.

iv)It directly affect the ecosystem and its stability as many species are killed due to toxicity of water and soil and loss of habitat

5c)

i)increasing the efficiency of manufacturing processes to reduce the demand for new minerals.

ii)Industries should be located away from residential arena

3a)

i)Low capital

ii)little human resources availability

iii)less availability of raw materials

iv)bad transport system

v)lack of power or electricity

3b)

i)Industrialization plays an important role in the economic prosperity and growth of a nation.

ii)industrialized nations have high gross domestic products. their per capita income is comparably higher than agriculture based countries.

iii)the whole outlook of a nation modernize because of industrialization.

3c)

i)Promotes specialization.

ii)Increase in national income.

iii)Economic stability.

iv)Increased employment opportunities.

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