NECO-AGRICULTURE-ANSWERS

Agricultural-Obj!
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Answer 1 from each section I will add
Some solution….

Theory-Answers

SECTION A
(1a)
(i)Source of Livelihood: The main source livelihood of many people is agriculture. Approximately 70 % of the people directly rely on agriculture as a mean of living.

(ii)Contribution to National revenue: Agriculture is the main source of national income for most developing countries. However, for the developed countries, agriculture contributes a smaller per cent age to their national income.

(iii)Supply of Food as well as Fodder: Agricultural sector provides fodder for domestic animals. Cow provides people with milk which is a form of protective food. Moreover, livestock also meets people’s food requirements.

(iv)Significance to the International Trade: Agricultural products like sugar, tea, rice, spices, tobacco, coffee etc. constitute the major items of exports of countries that rely on agriculture. If there is smooth development practice of agriculture, imports are reduced while export increases considerably.

(v)Source of Raw Material; The main source of raw materials to major industries such as cotton and jute fabric, sugar, tobacco, edible as well as non-edible oils is agriculture. Moreover, many other industries such as processing of fruits as well as vegetables and rice husking get their raw material mainly from agriculture.

(1b)
(i)Land tenure system: The type of land tenure system (communual) does not allow for large farm holdings suitable for mechanisation.

(ii)Scattered farm holdings: Scattered farm holdings are also not conducive or economical for mechanisation, especially in Nigeria.

(iii)Poverty of farmers: Most farmers, especially in Nigeria are very poor and cannot afford the cost tractors and farm implements.

(iv)Inadequate facilities (machinery): The facilities or machinery for fabricating and repairing farm implements are grossly insufficient where they are available.

(v)Bad topography: The topography of most Nigeria landscape is too rough and unconducive for farm mechanisation.

(1c)
(i)Inadequate finance
(ii)Poor infrastructure
(iii)Land tenure system
(iv)Poor technical support
(v)Unpredictable weather
(viPoor disease control methodology
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(2ai)
(i) To stimulate small rural farmers to increase their productivity and improve their standard of living.
(ii) To check land tenure system.

(2aii)
(i) To supply drugs and vaccines to farmers.
(ii) To provide expert services to farmers.

(2b)
(i) The tractor should be services at regular interval.
(ii) Oil filter should be changed during each service.
(iii) Always park the tractor in a shed.
(iv) Wash or clean the caburator regularly.
(v) Fan belts should be replaced or adjusted.

(2c)
(i) Disc plough is capable of working on heavy soil, or tilling and moulding heavy soil.
(ii) Disc plough makes deeper cuts than mouldboard ploug
(iii) Disc plough buries weed more completely than mouldboard plough.

(2di)
(i) It can be easily controlled
(ii) It can be used for cooking and drying

(2dii)
(i) It is cheap and available everywhere
(ii) It can serve as an alternative to electrical energy
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SECTION B
(3ai)
Heterotrophism is the ability to produce organic material only from organic carbon sources obtained from animal or plant biosynthesis.

(3aii)
(i)Biotic component
(ii)Abiotic component

(3b)
(i)Industrial use
(ii)Construction purpose

(3ci)
(i)It does not include any fossil deposits.
(ii)Most of the igneous forms include more than one mineral deposit.
(iii)They can be either glassy or coarse.
(iv)These usually do not react with acids.

(3cii)
(i)sandstone
(ii)Limestone

(3d)
(i)helps to grow agricultural crops, and maintain landscapes.
(ii)helps to grow agricultural revegetate disturbed soils in dry areas and during periods of less than average rainfall.
(iii)it also help in controlling the amount of water can be supplied through artificial means such as pipes, ditches, sprinklers etc.
(iv)It also help plant absorb mineral nutrients from the irrigated soil. In other words it is essential for the general growth of the plant.
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(4ai)
(i) It leads to both land and air pollutions which affects agriculture production
(ii) Industries are located on land which constitute a huge proportion of urban land

(4aii)
(i) It leads to development of town’s which reduces land available for agriculture purposes
(ii) It leads to more construction of buildings where large proportion of land is used instead

(4b)
(i) High value of crops are grown
(ii) It makes tillage operation easier
(iii) It improves soil aeration for good root respiration

(4c)
(i) Hydrolysis
(ii) Carbonation
(iii) Oxidation
(iv) Hydration

(4d)
(i) Nitrogen
(ii) Phosphorus

(4e)
(i) Organic matter which is made from carbon helps to replenish soil nutrients
(ii) It provides carbon which is the major building block of all organic matter
(iii) It helps to purify the atmosphere and also maintain the atmospheric level of carbondioxide
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SECTION C
(5ai)
Crop Improvement Is The Breeding Of New Varieties Of Crop That Will Perform Better Than The. Older Ones

(5aii)
(i)To improve the quality of produce.
(ii)To increase crop yield.
(iii)To adapt crops to adverse climatic conditions.
(iv)To induce resistance to pests and diseases in crop plants.
(v)To conserve land. resources.

(5b)
(i)Use of prepared beds.
(ii)Use of nylon bags.

(5c)
(i)population growth
(ii)land availability
(iii)Farm labour supply

(5d)
(i)Cutting
(ii)Division
(iii)Grafting
(iv)Layering
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SECTION D
(8a)
(i)It helps in saving the feed and water.
(ii)It brings about uniformity of the stock.
(iii)It reduces the cost of production and increases the farmer’s profit.

(8b)
(i)they are grazed by domestic livestock or wild animals.
(ii)Rangelands primarily native vegetation
(iii)Rangelands do not include forests lacking grazable understory vegetation.

(8c)
(i)Completely drain water from pond
(ii)Remove any fish and other organisms
(iii)Remove debris / weed / silt accumulation
(iv)Expose pond bottom to dry

(8di)
Rinderpest virus

(8dii)
by direct contact

(8diii)
(i)loss of appetite.
(ii)fever.

(8div)
(i)Vaccination
(ii)Separation of infected animals
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(7a)
Brooding in poultry is defined as the management of chicks from one day old to about 8 weeks of age, and it involves the provision of heat and other necessary care during chicks’ early growing period.

(7b)
(i) It makes possible the mating of animals with great differences in size without injury to either of the animal.
(ii) It is helpful to inseminate the animals that refuse to stand or accept the male at the time of oestrum.
(iii) It helps in maintaining the accurate breeding and cawing records.
(iv) It increases the rate of conception

(7c)
(i) Rotational grazing
(ii) Reseeding
(iii) Controlled stocking
(iv) Paddocking

(7d)
(i) Always wear protective gear
(ii) Keep the beehive location near and tidy
(iii) ​Avoiding certain smells and strong perfume

(7e)
(i) Treatment of sick animals with coccidiostat
(ii) Raising poultry on wire/raised cages
(iii) Prophylactic use of coccidiostat in feeds
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SECTION E
(9ai)
-Farmily Labour-
(i)It is cheap
(ii)Farm size are usually small

(9aii)
-Working Capital-
(i)Short-Term Needs
(ii)Circular Movement

(9b)
(i)Shortage of supply; This is because lowered prices can lead to a sudden rise in demand that many producers may find very hard to meet. Ultimately, it can lead to very high demand that causes an increase in prices.
(ii)Difficulty in measuring success; if the government were to make a report of its success in Agricultural production subsidies, it would be a different story. This is because it is hard to quantify the success of subsidies.
(iii)Higher taxes; the government raise funds to the farms and Agricultural production agency to use for subsidizing industries? Of course, by imposing higher taxes. So, it is the people who provide the means to enable the government to subsidize industries.
(iv)market cycle towards farm subsidies; Raising the income while prices are rising will eventually raise commercial and industrial costs, causing the final products to lose their competitiveness in the international market.

(9c)
(i)Directs and coordinates worker activities, such as planting, irrigation, chemical application, harvesting, grading, payroll, and record keeping.
(ii)Contracts with farmers or independent owners for raising of crops or for management of crop production.
(iii)Coordinates growing activities with those of engineering, equipment maintenance, packing houses, and other related departments.

(9d)
(i)This strategy improves the understanding of complex skills and principles.
(ii)Students can pay their attention and follow along with the learning process.
(iii)Knowledge becomes permanent because this method requires different human senses.
(iv)Students are motivated to study and gain necessary skills.
(v)The psychomotor objective is easily achieved through this method.
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