Completed.

GEOGRAPHY-THEORY
(1a)
Length =27.3*1/2=273/2=13.65cm
Breadths =27.2*1/2=13.60cm
(1b)
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(1c)
(i)Recreational – fun, non-essentials like parks.
(ii)Transport – roads, railways, and airports.
(iii)Agricultural – farmland.
Residential – housing.
(iv)Commercial – businesses and factories.
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(5a)
Karst topography is a three-dimensional landscape shaped by the dissolution of a soluble layer or layers of bedrock, usually carbonate rock such as limestone or dolomite
(5b)
(i)Caribbean sea
(ii)Indian sea
(5c)
(i)Sink holes: rounded depressions in the landscape formed by water slowly dissolving the rock below or, in some cases, when an underground cavity collapses
(ii)Disappearing streams surface: that loses a significant amount of their flow to the subsurface through bedrock openings
(iii)Springs: caves filled with water, which is discharged to the surface
(iv)Caves: cavities formed beneath the earth’s surface, when water dissolves the limestone or dolomite by chemical action
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(6a)
delta is a landform that forms from deposition of sediment carried by a river as the flow leaves its mouth and enters slower- moving or stagnant water. This occurs where a river enters an ocean, sea, estuary, lake, reservoir, etc.
(6b)
(i)On the inside of the loop, the river travels more slowly leading to deposition of silt.
(ii)Meanwhile water on the outside edges tends to flow faster, which erodes the banks making the meander even wider.
(iii)Over time the loop of the meander widens until the neck vanishes altogether.
(iv)Then the meander is removed from the river’s current and the horseshoe shaped oxbow lake is formed.
(6c)
(i)Negative: occurs when sea level falls in relation to the land (or the land rises in relation to the sea) This movement causes land to emerge from the sea, steepening the gradient and therefore increasing the rate of fluvial erosion.
(ii)Positive: when it is eroding the landscape in response to a lowering of its base level. The process is often a result of a sudden fall in sea level or the rise of land. … The erosion occurs as a means for the river to adjust to its new base level.
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(7ai)
Environmental resources are useful things (both living and non-living) occurring naturally within a particular geographical location which are benefit to man, animals and plants.
(7aii)
(i)Wind.
(ii)Rain
(7b)
(i)Poor technological know-how, such as storage.
(ii)Inadequate capital i.e. high cost of harnessing it.
(iii)Unreliability e.g. periods when the sun is not overhead.
(7c)
(i)The increase in ultra-violet rays increases the amount of solar radiation on the earth’s surface.
(ii)Excessive ultra-violet rays leads to increase in skin cancer in man.
(iii)Possible increase in precipitation.
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(4a)
Weather is the condition if the atmosphere of a place at a certain time over a shirt period; while Climate is the average atmospheric conditions of an area over a long period of time.
(4b)
(i)Slope and aspect: slope experiences more rapid change in temperature than a gentle slope.
(ii)Cloud Cover : Cloud reduces the amount of solar radiation reaching the earth’s surface and the amount of solar radiation escaping from the earth surface into space.
(iii)Natural Vegetation and soil: The thick foliage (leaves) of heavy forest cuts off much of the incoming sunlight energy. As a result, the forest temperature is cool and lower than that of the open ground (soil).
(iv)Latitude : This refers to the location of a place on the earth’s surface in relation to the equator. Tropical latitudes, where the sun’s altitude is always high have hotter temperature than lower latitudes where the sun’s altitude is generally low.
(4c)
(i) Tropical zone: from 0°–23.5°(between the tropics)
In the regions between the equator and the tropics (equatorial region), the solar radiation reaches the ground nearly vertically at noontime during almost the entire year.
(ii)Subtropics: from 23.5°–40° The subtropics receive the highest radiation in summer, since the Sun’s angle at noon is almost vertical to the Earth, whilst the cloud cover is relatively thin.
(iii)Temperate zone: from 40°–60° In the temperate zone, the solar radiation arrives with a smaller angle, and the average temperatures here are much cooler than in the subtropics.
(iv)Cold zone: from 60°–90°
The polar areas between 60° latitude and the poles receive less heat through solar radiation, since the Sun has a very flat angle toward the ground.
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(3a)
-Characteristics of Igneous Rocks-
(i)They are crystalline in structure i.e. they contain crystals.
(ii)They do not occur in layers i.e. they are non-stratified rocks.
(iii)They do not contain fossils.
(iv)They are usually hard and impervious.

-Mode of Formation of Igneous Rocks-